编号
lyqk011269
中文标题
竹藤花卉航天育种进展
作者
江泽慧
作者单位
国际竹藤中心 北京 100102
期刊名称
世界竹藤通讯
年份
2023
卷号
21
期号
6
栏目名称
特别报道
中文摘要
植物航天育种集航天技术、植物栽培技术及生物技术于一体,是当代世界最先进的植物育种技术之一。竹藤花卉是重要的森林和经济植物资源,但由于传统育种手段相对局限,使得良种选育和定向培育存在困难。航天诱变育种技术具有多向性、高突变性、安全性和产业对接高效性等特点,能够加速育种进程,推动竹藤花卉种质创新,满足工业化利用对竹藤花卉专用品种的需求。为此,国际竹藤中心开创性地在竹藤花卉领域开展了航天诱变育种研究工作。文章综述了国际竹藤中心在该领域取得的进展。自2020年起,研究团队共进行了4批次、约10余种林草种质的航天搭载试验,重点选择毛竹、中国传统花卉、北方本土草花等优良林草种质作为航天搭载的优先材料,在北京、安徽等地分批次开展育苗和选育工作。同时,还相继开展了钴60伽马射线辐射诱变育种、常压室温等离子体诱变育种和探索微重力下筛选空间站适生植物等拓展工作。通过航天诱变育种等手段,将培育出优质的竹藤花卉种质资源,为今后长期工作生活在密闭、单一有限航天器空间中的宇航员提供健康、舒适、近自然的拟地球绿色人居空间环境,也为人类探索浩瀚宇宙的伟大航天征途,提供探索性、有益的科研工作基础。
基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2200505);国际竹藤中心基本科研业务专项资金项目(1632020001)。
英文标题
Progress in Space Breeding of Bamboo, Rattan and Flowers
作者英文名
Jiang Zehui
单位英文名
International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
英文摘要
Space plant breeding is one of the most advanced breeding techniques in the world, which integrates space technology, plant cultivation technology and biotechnology. Bamboo, rattan and flowers are important resources of forest and economic plants, but there are difficulties in the selection and cultivation of their superior varieties due to the limited application of traditional breeding techniques. Space mutagenesis is a technology characterized with multiple orientations, high mutation frequency, safety, and high efficiency in industrial docking, which can be used to accelerate the breeding process and achieve germplasm enhancement for meeting the demand for special varieties of bamboo, rattan and flowers. Therefore, the International Center for Bamboo and Rattan (ICBR) has carried out the innovative pioneering research on space mutation breeding in the field of bamboo, rattan and flowers. The paper reviews the progress that the ICBR has made in space mutation breeding. Since 2020, the research team from the ICBR have carried out the spaceborne experiments for the germplasm of more than 10 forest and grass species in four batches. Moso bamboo, Chinese traditional flowers and native plants from Northern China were selected for spaceflight. Breeding and selection of the materials have been conducted in batches in Beijing and Anhui. At the same time, some additional researches have also been done, including mutation breeding by 60Co-γ ray radiation, atmospheric and room temperature plasma, and efforts have been made to explore how to select the suitable plant for the cultivation in the space station under microgravity. Through space mutation breeding and other means, new and high-quality germplasm resources of bamboo, rattan and flowers will be bred and cultivated, which will be used in the confined and limited spacecraft space for providing a healthy, comfortable and close-to-nature environment for astronauts. This research will provide an exploratory and beneficial basis for humans to explore the vast universe.
英文关键词
bamboo;rattan;flower;space breeding;mutation breeding;China
起始页码
1
截止页码
5
作者简介
江泽慧,教授,博士生导师,国际木材科学院院士,主要研究方向为森林利用学、木材科学与技术、生态学。E-mail:jiangzh@icbr.ac.cn。
DOI
10.12168/sjzttx.2023.10.28.001
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